Guru is a Sanskrit term for a "teacher, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field. The Sikh Gurus are the spiritual masters of Sikhi, who established this religion over the course of about two and a half centuries, beginning in 1469. The year 1469 marks the birth of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism.
He was succeeded by nine other gurus until, in 1708, the Guruship was finally passed on by the tenth guru to the holy Sikh scripture, Guru Granth Sahib, which is now considered the living Guru by the followers of the Sikh faith. The 10 Sikh Gurus are considered to be the spiritual and temporal leaders of Sikhism, a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of India in the 15th century.
| S.No. | Name | Guruship | Birth Date | Birth Place | Born as | Father | Mother | Date of death | Reason | Place of death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Guru Nanak Dev Ji | Since birth | 14 April 1469 | Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Delhi Sultanate | Hindu Khatris | Kalyan Das Bedi | Mata Tripta | 22 September 1539 | Natural causes | Kartarpur, Punjab, Mughal Empire |
| 2 | Guru Angad Dev | 7 September 1539 | 31 March 1504 | Muktsar, Punjab, Mughal Empire | Hindu | Baba Pheru Mal | Mata Ramo | 29 March 1552 | Natural causes | Khadur Sahib, Punjab, Mughal Empire |
| 3 | Guru Amar Das | 26 April 1552 | 5 May 1479 | Amritsar, Punjab, Mughal Empire | Vaishnavism, Hindu | Tej Bhan Bhalla | Mata Lachmi | 1 September 1574 | Natural causes | Goindval, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire |
| 4 | Guru Ram Das | 1 September 1574 | 24 September 1534 | Lahore, Punjab, Mughal Empire | Hindu Khatris | Baba Har Das | Mata Daya | 1 September 1581 | Natural causes | Goindval, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire |
| 5 | Guru Arjan Dev | 1 September 1581 | 15 April 1563 | Goindval, Punjab, Mughal Empire | Sikh | Guru Ram Das | Mata Bhani | 30 May 1606 | Execution by Mughal Emperor Jahangir | Lahore, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire |
| 6 | Guru Hargobind | 25 May 1606 | 19 June 1595 | Amritsar, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire | Sikh | Guru Arjun Dev | Mata Ganga | 28 February 1644 | Natural causes | Kiratpur Sahib, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire |
| 7 | Guru Har Rai | 3 March 1644 | 16 January 1630 | Kiratpur Sahib, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire | Sikh | Baba Gurditta | Mata Nihal Kaur | 6 October 1661 | Natural causes | Delhi, Delhi Subah, Mughal Empire |
| 8 | Guru Har Krishan | 7 October 1661 | 7 July 1656 | Kiratpur Sahib, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire | Sikh | Guru Har Rai | Mata Krishan Kaur | 30 March 1664 | Smallpox | Delhi, Delhi Subah, Mughal Empire |
| 9 | Guru Tegh Bahadur | 20 March 1664 | 1 April 1621 | Amritsar, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire | Sikh | Guru Hargobind | Mata Nanaki | 11 November 1675 | Execution by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb | Delhi, Delhi Subah, Mughal Empire |
| 10 | Guru Gobind Singh | 11 November 1675 | 22 December 1666 | Patna Sahib, Bihar Subah, Mughal Empire | Sikh | Guru Tegh Bahadur | Mata Gujri | 7 October 1708 | Sirhind War | Hazur Sahib, Bidar Subah, Mughal Empire |