Buxa Tiger Reserve

Buxa Tiger Reserve in Alipurduar, West Bengal, spans about 760 square kilometers and is situated in the ecologically rich northeastern corner of the state, bordering Bhutan and Assam. It features diverse terrain including Terai grasslands, Bhabar zones, and hilly outcrops with rivers such as Jayanti and Raidak flowing through it.

The reserve was established in 1983 and is known for its rich biodiversity with about 390 species of birds, 73 mammals, and numerous reptiles and amphibians. Although Bengal tiger sightings are rare due to thick forest cover, the reserve is home to a variety of large mammals such as Asian elephants, gaur (Indian bison), sambar deer, wild buffalo, and predators including leopards, clouded leopards, and wild dogs (dholes).

The forest also shelters smaller wildlife like pangolins, giant squirrels, and a range of snakes including pythons. It serves as an important ecological corridor linking with protected areas in Bhutan and Assam, aiding wildlife migration and genetic diversity. Conservation efforts include expanding grassland habitats and enhancing prey species to support tiger populations.

The reserve also holds historical significance, named after the Buxa Fort within its area, which was once used as a British detention center during India’s freedom struggle.