Surha Tal Bird Sanctuary

Surha Tal Bird Sanctuary, located about 17 km north of Ballia in Uttar Pradesh, is a large natural oxbow lake spanning approximately 34.32 square kilometers. It was declared a bird sanctuary in 1991 and serves as an important habitat for both migratory and resident birds, with its population swelling to around 200,000 during the winter months when birds arrive from Siberia and other colder regions.

The sanctuary is surrounded by agricultural fields and several villages, providing livelihood opportunities through fishing and farming. The wetland ecosystem supports diverse bird species including sarus cranes, egrets, herons, and several migratory waterfowl. Besides birds, the sanctuary is home to various wildlife such as nilgai, jackal, fishing cats, monitor lizards, and multiple species of turtles.

Seasonal flooding expands the habitat, maintaining its ecological richness, though recent expansion of nearby infrastructure poses challenges to its conservation. Overall, Surha Tal is a key biodiversity area with a significant role in supporting local ecology and livelihoods.